Isolated power supply and non-isolated power supply: Understand the differences and application scenarios

1. Introduction:
In the power system, isolated power supply and non-isolated power supply are two common types, and there are significant differences in their working principles and application scenarios. This article will delve into the differences between the two to help engineers make informed choices when designing power systems.

2. Definition of isolated power supply and non-isolated power supply:
Isolated power supply: Isolated power supply is a power supply that realizes electrical isolation between input and output by means of isolation transformer or photoelectric isolation. This isolation prevents power noise, improves safety, and prevents fault propagation.

Non-isolated power supply: A non-isolated power supply is a power supply with no electrical isolation between input and output. This power supply usually has a smaller volume and higher efficiency, and is suitable for some applications where electrical isolation requirements are not strict.

3. Working principle:
Isolated power supply: Through the isolation transformer or photoelectric isolation, the input and output circuits are completely isolated to prevent the direct transmission of current, improving the stability and safety of the system.

Non-isolated power supply: The input and output are directly connected, there is no electrical isolation, and the topology of switching power supply is usually used, which has higher efficiency and smaller volume.

4. Differences and advantages:
Advantages of isolated power supply:

Improve system stability and security.
Prevent power supply noise propagation.
More suitable for applications requiring strict electrical isolation.
Non-isolated Power Supply Advantages:

High efficiency and small volume.
Suitable for some electrical isolation requirements are not strict occasions.
Usually the cost is lower.
5. Application Scenario:
Isolated power supply for:

Medical equipment.
Industrial automation systems.
High precision measuring equipment.
Non-isolated power supply for:

Communication equipment.
Consumer electronics.
Some applications have strict requirements for cost and volume.
6. Conclusion:
When choosing between isolated and non-isolated power supplies, you need to weigh their advantages and disadvantages according to the specific application needs. Isolated power supplies are suitable for applications where electrical isolation is required, while non-isolated power supplies are more suitable for applications where cost, efficiency and volume are required. The right choice helps to improve the performance and reliability of the power system.